发送虚拟请求访问controller
我们在test类中虚拟访问controller,就得发送虚拟请求。
先创建一个controller
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | package com.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping ( "/tests" ) public class TestController { @GetMapping public String test(){ System.out.println( "test is running" ); return "test is success" ; } } |
在test中 ,这个是一个get请求,所以我们调用get,如果是put,则调用put即可
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | package com; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockHttpServletRequestBuilder; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; @SpringBootTest (webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) //开启虚拟MVC调用 @AutoConfigureMockMvc public class WebTest { @Test // 注入虚拟MVC调用对象 public void test( @Autowired MockMvc mvc) throws Exception { //创建虚拟请求,当前访问/tests,MockMvcRequestBuilders是一个工具类 MockHttpServletRequestBuilder builder= MockMvcRequestBuilders.get( "/tests" ); //执行请求 mvc.perform(builder); } } |
访问需要用到的一个RequestBuilder,我们按ctrl+h显示出它的实现类
运行结果
打印出了结果,说明访问成功
匹配响应执行状态
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | @SpringBootTest (webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) //开启虚拟MVC调用 @AutoConfigureMockMvc public class WebTest { @Test // 注入虚拟MVC调用对象 public void test( @Autowired MockMvc mvc) throws Exception { //创建虚拟请求,当前访问/tests,MockMvcRequestBuilders是一个工具类 MockHttpServletRequestBuilder builder= MockMvcRequestBuilders.get( "/tests" ); // 执行请求 ResultActions action = mvc.perform(builder); //设置预期值与真实值进行比较,成功则测试通过,失败则测试不通过 //定义本次调用的预期值 StatusResultMatchers status= MockMvcResultMatchers.status(); //预计本次调用成功的状态为200 ResultMatcher ok=status.isOk(); //添加预计值到本次调用过程中进行匹配 action.andExpect(ok); } } |
运行成功不会有任何反应
当将get改为put制造一个错误,或修改不存在的路径等其他错误,则就会报出错误信息。
匹配响应体
虚拟请求体匹配
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | @SpringBootTest (webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) //开启虚拟MVC调用 @AutoConfigureMockMvc public class WebTest { @Test // 注入虚拟MVC调用对象 public void testBody( @Autowired MockMvc mvc) throws Exception { //创建虚拟请求,当前访问/tests,MockMvcRequestBuilders是一个工具类 MockHttpServletRequestBuilder builder= MockMvcRequestBuilders.get( "/tests" ); // 执行请求 ResultActions action = mvc.perform(builder); //设置预期值与真实值进行比较,成功则测试通过,失败则测试不通过 //定义本次调用的预期值 ContentResultMatchers content = MockMvcResultMatchers.content(); //预计本次调用成功的状态为200 ResultMatcher result= content.string( "test is success1" ); //添加预计值到本次调用过程中进行匹配 action.andExpect(result); } } |
如果一致则不会有任何错误信息出现, 若信息不一致,则会出现
匹配json格式响应体
先创建一个类pojo对象
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | package com.pojo; import lombok.Data; @Data public class Person { private String name; private String age; private String detail; } |
controller下
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | package com.controller; import com.pojo.Person; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping ( "/tests" ) public class TestController { @RequestMapping ( "/person" ) public Person testPerson(){ Person person = new Person(); person.setName( "zhangsan" ); person.setAge( "14" ); person.setDetail( "xijie" ); return person; } } |
启动访问得到一组json数据
我们在测试类中修改一个,使他产生错误的信息
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | @SpringBootTest (webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) //开启虚拟MVC调用 @AutoConfigureMockMvc public class WebTest @Test // 注入虚拟MVC调用对象 public void testJson( @Autowired MockMvc mvc) throws Exception { //创建虚拟请求,当前访问/tests,MockMvcRequestBuilders是一个工具类 MockHttpServletRequestBuilder builder= MockMvcRequestBuilders.get( "/tests/person" ); // 执行请求 ResultActions action = mvc.perform(builder); ContentResultMatchers content = MockMvcResultMatchers.content(); ResultMatcher result= content.json( "{" name ":" zhangsan "," age ":" 14 "," detail ":" xijie1 "}" ); //添加预计值到本次调用过程中进行匹配 action.andExpect(result); } } |
运行结果
匹配响应头
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | @Test // 注入虚拟MVC调用对象 public void testHeader( @Autowired MockMvc mvc) throws Exception { MockHttpServletRequestBuilder builder= MockMvcRequestBuilders.get( "/tests" ); ResultActions action = mvc.perform(builder); HeaderResultMatchers header = MockMvcResultMatchers.header(); ResultMatcher result = header.string( "Content-Type" , "application/json" ); //添加预计值到本次调用过程中进行匹配 action.andExpect(result); } |
匹配了一个/tests,返回字符串的方法。,就可以看出它的差别了
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | @RestController @RequestMapping ( "/tests" ) public class TestController { @GetMapping public String test(){ System.out.println( "test is running" ); return "test is success" ; } } |
一般的做法都是将这些写在同一方法。
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