Nginx+keepalived实现七层的负载均衡的高可用
一、准备服务器
1、主机清单
| 主机名 | ip | 系统 |
|---|---|---|
| Proxy-master | 10.12.153.105 | centos7.5 |
| Proxy-slave | 10.12.153.176 | centos7.5 |
| Real-server1 | 10.12.153.114 | Centos7.5 |
| Real-server2 | 10.12.153.187 | centos7.5 |
2、配置安装nginx 所有的机器，关闭防火墙和selinux
1 2 3 | [root@proxy-master ~]# systemctl stop firewalld //关闭防火墙[root@proxy-master ~]# sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux //关闭selinux，重启生效[root@proxy-master ~]# setenforce 0 //关闭selinux，临时生效 |
3.安装nginx， 全部4台
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | [root@proxy-master ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/[root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# vim nginx.repo[nginx-stable]name=nginx stable repobaseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/gpgcheck=0enabled=1[root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# yum install yum-utils -y[root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# yum install nginx -y |
二、部署负载均衡
1、选择两台nginx服务器作为代理服务器。
2、给两台代理服务器安装keepalived制作高可用生成VIP
3、配置nginx的负载均衡
#两台代理配置一样
1、修改nginx的配置文件，添加以下内容，
#注意：将/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf改名，不然转发不过去
1 | [root@proxy-slave conf.d]# mv default.conf default.conf.back |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | upstream backend { server 10.12.153.114:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s; server 10.12.153.187:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { proxy_pass http://backend; proxy_set_header Host $host:$proxy_port; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;}} |
2、重启nginx
1 | [root@proxy-master ~]# nginx -s reload |
3.修改server1、server2的web页面测试
1 2 3 4 | [root@server2 ~]# cat >>/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 187> EOF[root@server1 html]# cat >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 114> EOF |
4..访问负载均衡
负载均衡正常
三、Keepalived实现调度器HA
注：主/备调度器均能够实现正常调度
1、 主/备调度器安装软件
1 2 | [root@proxy-master ~]# yum install -y keepalived[root@proxy-slave ~]# yum install -y keepalived |
2、备份keepalived配置文件
1 | [root@proxy-master ~]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak |
3、修改配置文件
①修改master
1 | [root@proxy-master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | ! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs { router_id directory1 #辅助改为directory2}：vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER #定义主还是备 interface ens33 #VIP绑定接口 virtual_router_id 80 #整个集群的调度器一致 priority 100 #back改为50 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.12.153.151/24 # vip }} |
②修改slave
1 | [root@proxy-slave ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | ! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs { router_id directory2}vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP #设置为backup interface ens33 nopreempt #设置到back上面，不抢占资源 virtual_router_id 80 priority 50 #辅助改为50 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.12.153.151/24 }} |
4、启动keepalived（主备均启动）
1 2 | [root@proxy-master ~]# systemctl enable keepalived[root@proxy-slave ~]# systemctl start keepalived |
5、通过停止keepalived来测试VIP是否飘逸
①在master，slave上查看
②停掉master的keepalived来模仿master宕机，看VIP是否飘逸
由此可见nginx的高可用成功
到此：
可以解决心跳故障keepalived
不能解决Nginx服务故障
四、解决nginx服务故障
扩展对调度器Nginx健康检查（可选）两台都设置
1、作用
让Keepalived以一定时间间隔执行一个外部脚本，脚本的功能是当Nginx失败，则关闭本机的Keepalived
2、检查nginx健康的脚本
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | ! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs { router_id directory1 #辅助改为directory2}：vrrp_script check_nginx { script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx_status.sh" interval 5}vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER #定义主还是备 interface ens33 #VIP绑定接口 virtual_router_id 80 #整个集群的调度器一致 priority 100 #back改为50 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.12.153.151/24 # vip } track_script { check_nginx }} |
注：必须先启动nginx，再启动keepalived
3、测试
停止master的nginx，VIP会飘逸到salve上，
再次启动master的nginx，重启master的keepalived，VIP会飘到master上。
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